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VERB - IMPERATIVE: Imperative is used in commands, entreaties, prayers
A. Formation
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1. Imperative Endings |
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Active |
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Middle/Passive |
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2nd Sing |
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--,-ς, -θι/τι, -σον/ον * |
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-σο, ου |
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3rd Sing |
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-τω |
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-σθω |
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2nd Plur |
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-τε |
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-σθε |
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3rd Plur |
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-τωσαν |
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-σθωσαν |
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* Note: 2nd Person Sing endings vary: |
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Active |
Middle or Passive |
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Pres & 2nd Aor |
ญญ- ----- |
λέγε,λάβε |
- ου |
ἔρχου,γενοῦ |
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μι - Verbs |
- ς - θι/τι |
δός γνῶθι |
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1st Aor (σα) |
- σον/ον |
ἄκουσον μεῖνον |
- σαι |
βάπτισαι |
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Aor. Pass (θη) |
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- θι/τι |
ἐγέρθητι |
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2. Tenses: |
Present = |
continuous or repeated action (no code; STEM same as 1st princ. part) |
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Aorist = |
simple event or single action (σα/α or change stem = Act; θη/η = Pass) |
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3. Negative = |
μη |
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4. No Augment |
Augment present only in indicative mood forms |
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B. Examples:
ὅ τι ἂν λέγῃ ὑμῖν ποιήσατε
Whatever he says to you, do it! (J 2.5)
τοῦτο ποιεῖτε εἰς τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάμνησιν
This continue to do in my remembrance! (Lk 22.19)
ἐλέησον ἡμᾶς, υἱὸς Δαυίδ
Have mercy on us, son of David! (Mt 9.27)
ἐλθάτω ἡ βασιλεία σου
Let your kingdom come! (Mt 6.10)
Negative:
μὴ φοβεῖσθε
Don't continue being afraid (stop being afraid)! (Lk 2.10)
Note: For negative command in Aorist Tense (simple event), the Aorist Subjunctive with μη is regularly used. See under Subjunctive: Prohibition, p. 18, #4:
μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν
Do not lead us into testing! (Mt 6.13)